Isicelo seIthusiembonini Yamaphepha
Emphakathini wamanje oshintsha ulwazi, ukusetshenziswa kwephepha kukhulu.Iphepha libukeka lilula ebusweni, kodwa inqubo yokwenza iphepha iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, idinga izinyathelo eziningi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini eminingi, kuhlanganise nama-coolers, ama-evaporator, ama-beaters, imishini yamaphepha, nokunye.Eziningi zalezi zingxenye, njengalezi: amashubhu okushintshanisa ukushisa ahlukahlukene, ama-roller, izinsimbi zokushaya, amaphampu angama-semi-liquid kanye nezintambo zocingo, ngokuvamile zenziwe ngama-alloys ensimbi.Isibonelo, umshini wephepha osetshenziswayo njengamanje we-Fourdrinier ufutha i-pulp elungisiwe engutsheni enezikhala ehamba ngokushesha enamameshi amahle (40-60 mesh).Imeshi yalukwa ngocingo lwethusi nephosphor, futhi ibanzi kakhulu, ngokuvamile ingaphezu kwamamitha angu-20 (amamitha angu-6), futhi idinga ukugcinwa iqonde ngokuphelele.Imeshi ihamba phezu kochungechunge lwamarola amancane ethusi noma ethusi, futhi njengoba idlula ne-pulp efuthwe kuwo, umswakama ukhishwa ngaphansi.Imeshi iyandindizela ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuze ibophe imicu emincane ku-pulp ndawonye.Imishini emikhulu yephepha inosayizi abakhulu bemeshi, kufika ku-26 amafidi nama-intshi angu-8.1 ububanzi namafidi angu-100 (3 0.5 amamitha) ubude.I-pulp emanzi ayigcini nje ngokuba namanzi, kodwa futhi iqukethe amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa inqubo yokwenza iphepha, edla kakhulu.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yephepha, izidingo zezinto ze-mesh ziqinile kakhulu, hhayi kuphela amandla aphezulu nokunwebeka, kodwa futhi ne-anti-corrosion of pulp, i-alloy yethusi ephonsiwe iyakwazi ngokugcwele.
Ukusetshenziswa kwethusi embonini yokunyathelisa
Ekuphrinteni, ipuleti yethusi isetshenziselwa ukudweba izithombe.Ngemuva kokuthi ipuleti yethusi elicwebezelisiwe lizwakaliswe nge-emulsion ye-photosensitive, kwakheka isithombe sesithombe kulo.Ipuleti lethusi le-photosensitive lidinga ukushiselwa ukuze liqinise ingcina.Ukuze ugweme ukuthambisa ngokushisa, ithusi ngokuvamile liqukethe inani elincane lesiliva noma i-arsenic ukwandisa izinga lokushisa elithambile.Khona-ke, ipuleti liyaqoshwa ukuze lenze indawo ephrintiwe enephethini yamachashazi ayi-concave nama-convex asatshalaliswa.Okunye ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile kwethusi ekunyatheliseni ukwenza amaphethini ngokuhlela amabhlogo efonti yethusi kuma-typesetters azenzakalelayo.Amabhulokhi ohlobo ngokuvamile ayithusi eliholayo, ngezinye izikhathi ithusi noma ithusi.
Ukusetshenziswa kwethusi embonini yokubuka
Amawashi, amawashi kanye namadivayisi anemishini yewashi okwamanje akhiqizwa lapho iningi lezingxenye zokusebenza zenziwa "ngethusi le-horological".I-alloy iqukethe i-1.5-2% yokuhola, enezindawo ezinhle zokucubungula futhi ifanele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi.Isibonelo, amagiya anqunywe kusukela ezindongeni zethusi ezinde ezikhishwe, amasondo ayisicaba ashaywa kusukela emigqeni yokuqina okuhambisanayo, ithusi noma amanye ama-alloys ethusi asetshenziselwa ukwenza ubuso bewashi eliqoshiwe kanye nezikulufu namajoyinti, njll. Inani elikhulu lamawashi angabizi lenziwe ngesibhamu (ithusi le-tin-zinc), noma lihlanganiswe nesiliva le-nickel elimhlophe.Amanye amawashi adumile enziwe ngensimbi nethusi.I-British "Big Ben" isebenzisa induku yesibhamu eqinile yesandla sehora kanye neshubhu lethusi elingamafidi angu-14 ubude lesandla semizuzu.Imboni yesimanje yamawashi, enengxube yethusi njengento eyinhloko, ecutshungulwa ngomshini wokunyathelisa kanye nesikhunta esinembile, ingakhiqiza amawashi angu-10 000 kuya kwangu-30 000 ngosuku ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwethusi Embonini Yezemithi
Embonini yezemithi, zonke izinhlobo zamadivayisi ashisayo, abilayo kanye ne-vacuum zenziwe ngethusi elihlanzekile.Emishinini yezokwelapha, i-zinc cupronickel isetshenziswa kabanzi.I-alloy yethusi nayo iyinto evamile yamafreyimu we-spectacle nokunye.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-01-2022